What do “proficiency checks” evaluate in the context of IFR flying?

Proficiency checks in the context of IFR flying are designed to evaluate a pilot's flying and decision-making skills. These checks focus on the practical application of flying techniques, such as handling the aircraft during various flight maneuvers, adherence to procedural protocols, and the ability to make sound judgments under simulated IFR conditions.

By assessing these skills, proficiency checks help ensure that pilots can efficiently and safely navigate through low visibility and challenging weather conditions that are characteristic of instrument flight rules. The evaluation includes assessing the pilot's use of instruments, ability to follow air traffic control instructions, and responsiveness to unexpected situations—all critical aspects of safe IFR operation.

This emphasis on practical flying and decision-making skills is essential, as it directly correlates to a pilot’s ability to operate effectively in real-world IFR scenarios, where judgment and performance can significantly impact safety and mission success.