What is the purpose of a "Special VFR" clearance?

The purpose of a "Special VFR" clearance is to enable visual flight rules (VFR) flight operations in controlled airspace during conditions of limited visibility, specifically when visibility is below the standard minimums for VFR flight. This clearance allows pilots to operate their aircraft in controlled airspace while complying with visual flight rules, provided they maintain visual reference to the ground and remain clear of clouds.

Obtaining a Special VFR clearance generally requires the pilot to request permission from air traffic control (ATC), who will assess the situation and determine if it is safe to allow the flight. It is intended for use only under specific conditions, such as when a pilot is attempting to navigate out of or into a controlled airport area while weather conditions are marginal.

The other options do not accurately reflect the intent and regulation surrounding Special VFR clearances. For example, it does not permit flight in any weather conditions, as the pilot still must adhere to visual references. Additionally, it is not designed for providing flight instruction, nor does it specifically segregate airspace by aircraft type. Thus, the correct answer clearly captures the essential function of a Special VFR clearance within flight operations.