What type of approach uses a vertical guidance system?

A precision approach utilizes a vertical guidance system to provide pilots with the necessary information to maintain the correct descent profile toward the runway. This type of approach is characterized by the use of an instrument landing system (ILS), which assists in both lateral and vertical navigation.

The precision provided by vertical guidance allows for a more stable and controlled descent, ultimately reducing the risk of obstacles and improving overall safety, particularly in adverse weather conditions. With vertical guidance, pilots can make more accurate approaches to the runway, resulting in a higher likelihood of successful landings.

In contrast, a visual approach is conducted using visual references outside the aircraft, while non-precision approaches rely solely on horizontal guidance without vertical assistance. The circle-to-land approach is an operational maneuver that requires visual aids and is typically used in specific airport configurations rather than relying on precise vertical guidance.