Which situation is most conducive to the formation of radiation fog?

The situation most conducive to the formation of radiation fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over low, flatland areas during clear, calm nights. As the ground cools, it conducts heat away, cooling the air just above the surface. If this air cools to the dew point, the water vapor in the air condenses into tiny water droplets, creating fog.

This process is significantly enhanced under the conditions mentioned—calm winds allow the cool air to remain relatively static, preventing mixing with warmer, drier air that might inhibit fog formation. Clear skies promote heat loss at night, and the low, flat terrain does not obstruct the cooling process, allowing conditions for fog to develop effectively.

In contrast, cold air over oceans generally leads to different types of fog due to moisture content and temperature gradients. Urban humidity can lead to localized weather phenomena but is not specifically linked to radiation fog. High pressure systems can contribute to stable weather, but are not exclusively conducive to radiation fog, as they can also inhibit fog formation by preventing moisture accumulation.